Or actually "Patents and Sports"
Just like fruits, you can create new roses by hybridizing them or sometimes a natural sport (or mutant bud) occurs. The 'Peace' rose was a deliberate hybrid. The 'Chicago Peace' was a sport of the 'Peace' rose.
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The 'Peace' Rose was bred by Francis Meilland.
It was patented by Meilland and Robert Pyle.
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Charlotte Armstrong × Peace (hybrid tea, Meilland 1935) |
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sport of Peace (hybrid tea, Meilland 1935)
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Seedling × Peace (hybrid tea, Meilland 1935) |
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Pink Peace
seed: Peace (hybrid tea, Meilland 1935) × Monique (hybrid tea, Paolino, 1949)
pollen: Peace (hybrid tea, Meilland 1935) × Mrs. John Laing (Hybrid Perpetual, Bennett, 1885) | |
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Seed parent: (seedling x Peace) Pollen parent: (seedling x Alpine Glow)
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Plant Patents
The first plant patent was the 'New Dawn' rose in 1931.
The
'Peace' rose patent (1943) was obtained by Francis Meilland and assigned to Robert Pyle. The California Nursery was one of the California propagators of the 'Peace' rose. The 'Peace' rose has a history that reads like a spy novel. It has many names because it was smuggled out of France during WWII to many countries. Hence its many names: 3-35-40, Madame A. Meilland, Gioia, Gloria Dei.
Read more about the
Patents Behind the Roses that you Receive on Valentine's Day in Smithsonian Magazine.
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| 'Niles Cochet', famous sport of 'Maman Cochet' |
Sports
A sport is a mutation that occurs in a bud that produces a slightly different flower or fruit than the parent. That variation can be vegetatively propagated. Sometimes sports revert back to the parent.
The California Nursery Company introduced a pretty famous sport into the rose world, the 'Niles Cochet' rose. In 1906, the CNCo introduced the 'Red Maman Cochet', a darker colored tea rose than the 'Maman Cochet'. Later it was renamed 'Niles Cochet'. This rose is hardy and is often found in abandoned locations, like gas stations. Many heritage rose gardens carry this rose.
Hybrids
Most roses and many fruits are created by hybridization, purposeful or by nature.
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